The lovely tale of Liquor
during Lockdown and before
At every stage, addiction is driven by one of the most powerful, mysterious, and
vital forces of human existence. What drives addiction is longing —
a longing not just of brain, belly, or loins but finally of the heart.
Cornelius Platinga
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The use of alcohol in India for drinking purposes dates back to somewhere between 3000 and 2000 BC. An alcoholic beverage called Sura which was distilled from the rice was popular at that time in India for common men to unwind at the end of a stressful day. . Yet the first mention of Alcohol appears in Rig Veda (1700BC). It mentions intoxicants like soma and prahamana. Although the soma plant might not exist today, it was famous for delivering a euphoric high. It was also recorded in the Samhita, the medical compendium of Sushruta that he who drinks soma will not age and will be impervious to fire, poison, or weapon attack. The sweet juice of Soma was also said to help establish a connection with the gods. Such was the popularity of alcohol. Initially used for medicinal purposes, with time it evolved and became the beverage that brought life to social gatherings, and eventually consuming alcohol has become a habit for many.
With such a rich history of not just humans but also of the gods,
what is a worldwide pandemic to stop anybody from drinking?
. . .
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According to a report released by the World Health Organisation (WHO) in 2018, an average Indian drinks approximately 5.7 liters of alcohol every year. In a population of casual and excessive drinkers, with the shutters of liquor stores down, it must have been extremely difficult for “certain” people to survive lockdown. In the first two phases of lockdown, the desperation had quadrupled prices of alcohol in the Grey Market of India. Also, According to Google Trends, online searches for “how to make alcohol at home” peaked in India during the fourth week of March, which was the same when the lockdown was announced. As a consequence, a few people died drinking home-brewed liquor. People committed suicide due to alcohol withdrawal syndrome. Owing to the worsening situation and to reboot the economy, some states decided to open licensed liquor stores in the third phase of the COVID-19 Pandemic lockdown in India. This decision was the worst best decision the state governments could take. The kilometer-long queues in front of liquor stores were evidence that a pandemic can turn your life upside down yet your relationship with alcohol cannot move an inch.
The love in the hearts of those who are addicted was explicit. We might have seen addiction, we might have witnessed desperation but what happened in the month of May was madness, not just in terms of the way people pounced but also in the way the government earned. According to a report by Hindustan Times, on the first day of the third phase of Lockdown, the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh recorded a sale of over Rs 100 Crore from liquor. On the second day of the reopening of Liquor stores, Karnataka reported sales of 197 crores in a single day which was the largest ever. Eventually, the prices of Liquor were hiked to 100% to discourage people from drinking.
. . .
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There was a special corona fee that was imposed in Delhi by Chief Minister Arvind Kejriwal. A 70% corona fee was imposed in Delhi, yet the sales did not drop. The entire situation was a disaster for the law enforcement officers, social distancing was easily abandoned and a basic code of conduct was happily violated. Despite the chaos created, the states continued to collect revenues. Home delivery of alcohol was allowed in Maharashtra and e-tokens were sold in Delhi.
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Demand for liquor is inelastic which means that
the sale of alcohol is not much responsive to change in prices.
In general, since alcohol policy is a state subject in India, revenue from Liquor is a cash cow for state governments. In 2018 and 2019, four states collectively collected about 20,000 crores in taxes from the sale of liquor. As much as the state earns from the sale of Liquor it is undoubtedly, a threat to the Economy. Consumption of alcohol has dire health consequences. When a person consumes an alcoholic beverage, there is a rise in BAC because of which there is a gradual and progressive loss of driving ability because of an increase in reaction time, overconfidence, degraded muscle coordination, impaired concentration, and decreased auditory and visual acuity. This is known as drunken driving. (V. M. Anantha Eashwar, 2020) Drunken driving is the third biggest cause of road accidents and over speeding in India. Road accidents are not it; alcoholism causes sleep problems, heart, and liver issues. Also, it is not about an individual’s life, it ruins the lives of all people concerned.
Addiction also causes economic loss. In 2000, Vivek Benegal and his team assessed 113 patients admitted to a special de-addiction service for alcohol dependence. They found that
the average individual earned a mean of ₹1,661 but
spent ₹1,938 per month on alcohol, incurring high debt.
They also found that 95% did not work for about 14 days in a month. They concluded that it led to a loss of ₹13,823 per person per year in terms of foregone productivity. A more recent study, Health Impact and Economic Burden of Alcohol Consumption in India, led by Gaurav Jyani, concluded that alcohol-attributable deaths would lead to a loss of 258 million life-years between 2011 and 2050. The study placed the economic burden on the health system at $48.11 billion, and the societal burden (including health costs, productivity loss, and so on) at $1,867 billion. “This amounts to an average loss of 1.45% of the gross domestic product (GDP) per year to the Indian economy,” the study said. (Mint, 2020)
Setho ka Gaon

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Arth

Just one slice this year...
By Nikita Aggarwal and Prashita Nath
Like all of us, Ms S. Raman also dreams of staying healthy, but she just can’t leave her love for pizza. Finally, one day, she met Mr A. Jalebi, the chef who gave her the magical recipe for a healthy pizza. Ms S. Raman was in awe of the magical recipe. Well, the secret lay in going back to basics. Mr A. Jalebi increased the vegies of tax collection and reduced the calories of wasteful subsidies and expenditure. He successfully cut down the pizza size from 4.5cm (Fiscal deficit: 4.5%) in 2014 to the ideal 3.5cm in 2017. There was a complimentary milkshake of 1.6% increase in the centre’s gross tax to GDP ratio. A few vitamins were sprinkled as indirect taxes like GST, though most of them were burned in the oven’s high heat of tax devolution to states. But thanks to the amazing culinary skills of Mr A. Jalebi, he still managed to make the recipe quite healthy by cutting a major slack on the cheese burst crust in the form of subsidies on petrol.
But a ‘silent crisis ‘was brewing. The healthy pizza was more of an Instagram trend. Lo and behold, the size of pizza in 2019 shot up to 6.1cm against the target of 3.4cm and next year also it was 4.6cm against the target of 3.3cm.
Ms S. Raman was dejected. The problem lay in the reduced GST collection. Nevertheless, she had her hopes high, Hashtag_ Just One Slice This Year was her New Year resolution, after all! However, who knew her life would turn topsy turvy.
Six months into the lockdown
Ms S. Raman was sweltering in the summer heat. She craved a tiny 3.5 cm pizza. She couldn’t go out because everything was locked down due to COVID-19. That’s why she simply ordered the pizza at home from Swiggy.
Ting -Tong Ting- Tong.
The pizza boy is here! Ms S. Raman quickly rushed towards the door. She didn’t know what was waiting for her. It was a zombie apocalypse. It was a huge zombie. The melted cheese was flowing like lava from his mouth. He had ugly hands with bloody marks off Non-Performing Assets. Ms S. Raman quickly called 101 for outside help. It was late when she realized that it was a ‘synchronized crisis’, the entire world was in trouble. To her surprise, there was also an army of small zombies reigning havoc. She didn’t realize that they were the loans of the Food Corporation of India.
By now, Ms S. Raman was totally confused. A huge zombie, little zombies roaming around, and all the nearby villages were in crisis. Ms S. Raman rushed outside. There she met an old friend, Ms RBI. She urged for help. The zombies were ruining her house. She was starving, and she hadn’t even eaten the pizza. Hunger was driving her crazy. The butterflies in her stomach protested and marched to and fro, like migrants from Gujarat to UP and farmers from Punjab to Delhi. It was a state of perfect chaos!
Ms RBI took out a powerful weapon of Open Market Operations. She fired onto the zombie. Meanwhile, Ms S. Raman saw her daughters approaching, in masked faces and, of course, with sanitized hands. They were her Monetized Assets. Ms S. Raman’s phone also started ringing, Tring- Tring! She could take outside help to fight the zombie. Together the monetized assets, foreign loans and open market operations financed by small savings will be Ms S. Raman’s way outside the crisis.
As we sit here and read, Ms S. Raman is facing a crisis. We do not know if the zombie gets larger or it shrinks. Nevertheless, one thing is absolute, Ms S. Rahman needs to exercise regularly and build the soft infrastructure, i.e., education, deregulation and ease of doing business. Otherwise, her dream of a healthy life would burst and her strength to fight the zombie would droop. Hence, it's not about just one slice this year but structural reforms.
What happens is still to be revealed. Meanwhile, let me go and order a pizza (after the workout, of course).


Nikita Aggarwal
Prashita Nath
Lady Shri Ram College For Women,
Delhi University
Lady Shri Ram College For Women,
Delhi University
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